Why Levels Stay Low
The usual reasons a level does not move are dose, absorption and cofactors. Vitamin D is fat soluble, so low bile flow, gallbladder removal, coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel disease all reduce uptake.
Magnesium is required at several steps of vitamin D activation. Someone who is magnesium depleted can supplement vitamin D for months with very little change in their level.
Low D as a Marker
Chronic inflammation increases conversion of storage vitamin D into its active form, which lowers the number normally measured. In that setting the low level is partly a readout of the inflammation rather than purely a supply problem.
Body composition also matters mechanically: vitamin D is sequestered in adipose tissue, so a larger body mass needs more to reach the same blood level.
Cofactors and Safety
Vitamin D raises calcium absorption. Vitamin K2 directs that calcium toward bone rather than arteries, which is why the two belong together at higher doses.
Retesting after eight to twelve weeks is what keeps this precise. Dosing without retesting is how people end up either unchanged or well above the useful range.
