Ferritin Falls First
Haemoglobin is the last thing to drop. Ferritin — stored iron — falls months or years earlier, and symptoms including fatigue, hair shedding, breathlessness on stairs, restless legs and poor exercise recovery begin in that window.
A normal full blood count therefore does not rule out iron deficiency. Ferritin has to be measured, and read against the symptoms rather than against the very low end of the laboratory range.
Losses and Absorption
In menstruating people, heavy periods are the most common cause and are routinely under-recognised. Otherwise, gastrointestinal loss must be considered and investigated.
Absorption is the other half. Low stomach acid, H. pylori infection, coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease and long-term acid-suppressing medication all reduce iron uptake, which is why supplementation alone often fails.
Inflammation Hides It
Ferritin is also an acute-phase protein, so active inflammation pushes it up. Someone can be genuinely iron deficient with a ferritin that reads normal.
Reading ferritin alongside CRP, transferrin saturation and full iron studies is what separates real stores from an inflammatory reading.
